SWL of International AM radios in on shortwave, medium wave and long wave listen via WEB SDR in Netherlands by French SWL F14368 Frank.
I write also few articles about Shortwave listening.
This is not my principal blog, i have also 2 other blogs about MW an SW listening. Dont forget SWL Contest 2024 on SW. Thank you.
Named after the Cuban national hero and intellectual José Martí, Radio Televisión Martí was established in 1983 and TV Martí was added in 1990.[1] The 2014 budget for the Cuba broadcasting program was approximately US$27 million.
Radio y Televisión Martí is overseen by the Office of Cuba Broadcasting (OCB).[2]
In the early 1980s, the U.S. Government planned to create a radio station to be known as Radio Free Cuba, modeled on Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, the mission of fighting communism in the hope of hastening the fall of Cuban PresidentFidel Castro. The station – renamed Radio Martí after Cuban writer José Martí, who had fought for Cuba's independence from Spain and against U.S. influence in the Americas – was established in 1983 by PresidentRonald Reagan at the urging of Jorge Mas Canosa. Existing North American broadcasters objected strenuously to the establishment of Radio Martí, fearing that its broadcasts would lead Cuba to retaliate by jamming existing commercial medium-wave broadcasts from Florida.
On May 20, 1985, Radio Martí began broadcasts to Cuba from the United States. The first day of broadcasting was chosen to commemorate the 83rd anniversary of Cuba's independence from United States rule on May 20, 1902. The fears of broadcasters proved well-founded, when Cuba-based transmitters briefly broadcast powerful signals on the medium-wave band in 1985, disrupting U.S. AM radio station broadcasts in several states. Cuba continues to broadcast interference against U.S. broadcasts specifically directed to Cuba in attempts to prevent them from being received within Cuba.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991, the budget for all U.S.-government-run foreign broadcasters, with the exception of Radio Martí, was sharply reduced. In 1996, Radio Martí's studios were moved from Washington, D.C. to Miami, Florida. The move, in addition to placing the station's studios closer to its target audience, also underscored its growing independence from the Voice of America, another U.S.-government-run foreign broadcaster with which Radio Martí had previously shared studios.
The main role of this radio is to serve as a bulwark against extreme violence. Radio Ndarason is a platform to promote a local discourse of peace for all actors affected by the current crisis in the Lake Chad region.
This choice is based on the assumption that dialogue is the necessary condition for finding a peaceful and lasting solution, which is also a source of better quality of life.
The radio is the perfect tool to convince the population that they have a future in the region. Seen in broader terms – if one can believe that a better life is possible in the Lake Chad region, one can hope that the need and desire to migrate in order to settle elsewhere, decreases.
The radio, in partnership with the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) broadcasts content in Kanembu and Kanuri languages with the aim of helping to stabilize the Lake Chad region, by stimulating a constructive dialogue between all those who are involved in the current crisis.
Adventist World Radio[117] was founded in 1971[118] and is the "radio mission arm" of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. It utilizes AM, FM, shortwave, satellite, podcasting, and the Internet, broadcasting in 77 major language groups of the world with a potential coverage of 80% of the world's population. AWR's headquarters is in Silver Spring, Maryland, with studios throughout the world. A large portion of the ministry's income is derived from membership gifts.[119]
SDA evangelists such as Doug Batchelor, Mark Finley and Dwight Nelson have undertaken a number of international satellite-broadcast live evangelistic events, addressing audiences in up to 40 languages simultaneously.[120]
In 2016, the Church released the film Tell the World.[121]
The Voice of Vietnam or VOV (also Radio the Voice of Vietnam, Vietnamese: Đài Tiếng nói Việt Nam) is the Vietnamese national radio broadcaster. Directly controlled by the government of Vietnam, it is tasked with propagating the policies of the Party and the laws of the state.[1]
Prior to 1945, the Vietnamese were banned from owning radio receivers,[citation needed] and broadcasting was under control of the French colonial government, which established the first radio station in Vietnam, Radio Saigon, in the late 1920s.[citation needed]
Vietnam's national radio station, now called the Voice of Vietnam, started broadcasting from Dalat just a week after the declaration of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam with the declaration "This is the Voice of Vietnam, broadcasting from Hanoi, the capital of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam."[2] During the Vietnam War, Radio Hanoi operated as a propaganda tool of North Vietnam. In August 1968, Voice of Vietnam commenced shortwave broadcasts for Vietnamese living abroad.[2]
South Vietnam set up its own network in Saigon in 1955 from the roots of the ex-State of Vietnam's station, named as Radio Vietnam. Meanwhile, in 1962, the NLFSVN established their own radio station, named Liberation Radio Station.
Following Reunification, all of the radio stations were combined into the Voice of Vietnam, which became the national radio station in 1978.
In 1990, VOV launched the first FM station of the network, with the original frequency at 100.0 MHz. At first, this station was dedicated to music, entertainment and information program. It later become the flagship frequency of the news and generalist station (VOV1), whereas the music content was transferred into the FM frequency of 102.7 MHz - which is the music station VOV3 at present.
The Vietnamese-language program for Vietnamese diaspora was first transmitted on 16 August 1991 on longwaves and shortwaves, following the foreign language programs since the founding of the radio network's external service. At the same year, the socio-culture oriented station VOV2 was established.
In 1998, Radio the Voice of Vietnam published its first daily newspaper, named Voice of Vietnam. At the same time, the first FM radio channel for the foreign community in Vietnam, operated-and-owned by VOV World Service, was inaugurated. The station transmitted at the frequency of FM 105.5 MHz in Hanoi and 105.7 MHz in Ho Chi Minh City. The following year (1999), VOV expanded its platform with the launching of the news webpage www.vovnews.vn (later www.vov.vn).
On 1 October 2004, VOV began transmitting VOV4, a radio station dedicated to minorities in Vietnam nationwide.
From 7 September 2008, to commemorate the 68th founding anniversary of the network, VOV launched their own television channel. Originally named Hệ phát thanh có hình (lit. Visualised Radio Station), it was renamed into Kênh Truyền hình Đài Tiếng nói Việt Nam or Kênh Truyền hình Tiếng nói Việt Nam (Voice of Vietnam Television Channel) in 2012 after the VOV was licensed to operating the television system.
From 18 May 2009, the VOV Transportation Network was established. First transmitting officially in Hanoi on 21 June 2009 with the frequency of FM 91.0 MHz, it was expanded into the South, first with Ho Chi Minh City on 2 January 2010 with the same frequency, then to Mekong Delta region on 25 June 2017 with the FM frequency 90.0 MHz.
From 2015 to 2018, VOV co-operated with the Office of the Vietnamese National Assembly to broadcast a television channel which aimed at Vietnamese political activities and relatable issues.
On 2 June 2015, Voice of Vietnam officially acquired the VTC Digital Television Network from the Ministry of Information and Communications. It was first owned by the Vietnam Multimedia Corporation from 2004 to 2013. At the same year, the English-language radio station VOV English 24/7 went on test broadcasting in 1 October, and officially commence on-air more than a month later at 6 November under the frequency of FM 104.0 MHz.
In 2016, VOV relaunched the 89.0 MHz FM station into a health-oriented station.
From 2017, VOV began operating the VOV Media app on smartphones, and in 2020, VOV launched VOV LIVE, a digital platform featuring live radio & TV channel with on-demand programs as well.
The VOV runs eight national domestic radio stations and one international service, four of which are only available on FM frequencies; one is running as a block on sister station; plus live streams and listen again on applications such as VOV LIVE and VOV Media.
The main radio stations available on analogue (FM, MW, SW) and VOV applications are:
VOV1 – news and current affairs; plus live important national events, parliament meetings, etc. Music, literature and drama are the only fields that largely fall outside its format. Broadcast 20.5 hours a day, with overnight simulcast of VOV3 from midnight to 04:45 (excluding for analog radio will sign off during this time period). Available on 94-100 FM, 594-711 MW and 5.975-7.21 SW.
VOV2 – culture, sports, leisure, science and educational. Broadcast 20.5 hours a day; available on 96.5-103.5 FM, 549-1089 MW and 6.02-9.875 SW.
VOV3 – music-oriented. Broadcast 24 hours a day, the station previously housing The One Radio (and before that, Zone FM) from 2006 to mid-April 2023. Available on 102.7 FM in Hanoi, HCMC and nationwide FM systems.
VOV4 – ethnic languages, broadcasting in 11 languages. Available in MW, SW and FM under five regional feed (Northwestern, Central, Central Highlands, Ho Chi Minh City, Mekong Delta), 12 hours a day. All five feeds are available online and on VOV apps.
VOV5 (also called VOV World) – international service. Broadcasting in 13 foreign languages to many parts of the world via analogue and digital shortwave, internet streaming and podcasting, satellite, FM and MW relays. The Vietnamese feed is available on 105.5 FM in Hanoi and 105.7 FM in Ho Chi Minh City from 07:00 to 23:00 (16 hours a day)
VOV6 – literature and art programmes, a block on VOV2 with diversal air time.
VOV Traffic Service – transportation information, entertainment and talk. Divided into three separate channels: VOV Traffic Service - Hanoi, VOV Traffic Service - Ho Chi Minh City and Mekong FM. The Hanoi and HCMC editions both available on 91.0 FM, whereas the Mekong edition is available on 90.0 FM. These channels are all broadcast 24 hours a day.
VOV FM 89 MHz – health, environment and safety consumering programmes, 17 hours a day. True to its name, this radio station is available on 89.0 FM in Hanoi, HCMC and several areas. Previously before April 1st 2023, the station housing Xone FM in collaboration with Xone, broadcast at 6am-1pm and 5pm-10pm, from that time VOV FM 89 became a secondary relay of VOV2, still with its normal 17 hours schedule.
VOV English 24/7 – English-language programmes, 18 hours a day. Available on 104.0 FM in Hanoi, Hue and HCMC.
Ralph Gordon Stair (May 3, 1933 – April 3, 2021), also known as Brother R. G. Stair, or simply known as Brother Stair, was an American minister and evangelist. He broadcast his preaching on digital and shortwave radio. In the 1990s, at the peak of his radio ministry, Stair was heard on 120 stations.
Stair founded Overcomer Ministry in 1978, declaring himself a prophet. He lived in a community with his followers at a compound in Walterboro, South Carolina.[2] Over the years, Stair was involved in a number of controversies, including convictions for sexual abuse,[3] allegations that he caused infant deaths,[4] and allegations that his ministry is a cult.[5]
Stair led the Overcomer Ministry,[1] officially incorporated as the Faith Cathedral Fellowship, a conservative Pentecostal Christian organization which runs a widely heard radio-based ministry.[8] Stair purchased a motel in Walterboro, South Carolina in 1978, and encouraged followers to move to the community, sell all their possessions, take a vow of poverty, and donate all that they owned to Overcomer Ministry.[9][4]
The community of about 70 strives for self-sufficiency and simplicity, growing their own food and making their own clothes. Community members live in mobile homes and handmade houses, eating communal meals and gathering for Saturday worship in the Tabernacle.[4] They dress conservatively. Women wear long skirts and men wear long pants and shirts with collars.[4] Typically, work is divided along traditional gender lines, with men performing farm/manual labor and women doing domestic chores.[4] Members primarily rely on bicycles for transportation within the community.
Stair objected to medical intervention, and taught avoidance of doctors.[9] Commune members typically followed Stair's teaching, and in the 1980s and 1990s, local authorities conducted investigations after three infants died at the community either during or shortly after birth.[4][10]
Evangelism was the primary focus of Stair's ministry. He broadcast from a solar-powered radio studio which is based in the community, often for hours at a time.[4] As of 2014, Stair leased airtime globally on five free-to-air satellites (Galaxy 19, Hot Bird 8, Optus D2, Thaicom 5, and Eutelsat 25B) and on seven international shortwave radio stations (WHRI, WWRB, WTWW, WWCR, WBCQ, WRMI, and Media Broadcast GmbH) to convey his message to listeners in the United States as well as listeners in locations as far-flung as South America, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Israel, Russia, and India.[8][9][4][11][12]
In addition to international satellite and shortwave, Stair broadcast worldwide via internet streaming from his ministry's web site.[13] He also leased time on terrestrial AM and FM radio stations throughout the United States, some of which are large-coverage stations. In the 1990s, Brother Stair was heard on 120 such stations, though by 2007 and continuing through 2014, that total had been reduced to approximately 25.[4][14][15]
In 2016, however, the broadcast was dramatically increased due to a large contribution which allowed Brother Stair to purchase hundreds of hours per day of broadcasting time to create one of the most extensive shortwave broadcasts in history. Broadcast expenditures of about $1.5 million are funded by donations from listeners. In 1993 and 1994 Stair and his ministry were partners in a failed ship-based radio project due to authorities raiding and confiscating both the ship and its equipment before it could set sail to international waters.[8][9]
Stair's teachings place a strong emphasis on millennial predictions of world-changing events which will result from divine judgment.[9][4] In the year 1999, he said that there would be such changes at the dawn of the third millennium. "If the Lord God Almighty does not make a major move before the year 2000," he said, "I'll tell God to go to Hell."[16] Stair also has received publicity over the years for several of his prophecies, including a nuclear confrontation prophesied for 1988,[7][9] and that Ronald Reagan would not complete his term as president.[10]
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